Elvira Palomino examines the structural crisis of Peru’s railway system, marked by institutional fragmentation and a lack of technical standards. Although there has been regulatory progress such as the RNF, gaps persist in interoperability, access and tariffs. The author notes that multiple entities act without leadership, creating inefficiencies. She proposes a comprehensive framework with uniform rules, transparency and an autonomous technical authority that brings together infrastructure, operations and regulation, towards a modern, competitive and sustainable system for strategic national development.
